Medical-Reference

Neurons are the structural and functional unit of our nervous system. They are the essential part of the communication system in our brain.

Neurons perform all the tasks (sending, receiving and processing) to maintain the communicative action in the nervous system. In fact, our nervous system is surrounded by more than 100 million neurons, and each neuron can receive information from thousands of different cells.
Learn more about NeuronsBasic Functions of NeuronsThe basic function of a neuron is to process and transmit nerve impulses from and to the nervous system.

Neurons can simultaneously receive and integrate stimuli (impulses) either from the body or other sources. They can interpret stimuli into a change in membrane potential. Using the conduction process, neurons can rapidly transmit this change in membrane potential over long distances. They can convert the action potentials (the electrical messages) into particular neurotransmitters (the chemical messages), following the neur…

The size and shape of a typical neuron is distinctly different than any other cell in the human body. The diameter of a neuron is between 5 and 150 µm.

As like most of the cells in the body, neurons are consist of a cell body. The cell body is the core component of a nerve cell. It contains nucleus, cytoplasm and other organelles. The cell body that contain a euchromatic nucleus often has a prominent nucleolus. This nucleolus contains finely dispersed chromatin. The cytoplasm of the cell body is composed of nissl bodies, golgi complex, neurofibrils, mitochondria, lysosomes and centriole. Unlike most of the cells, neurons also consist of two major parts, an axon and multiple dendrites.
Learn more about NeuronsTypically, each neuron has multiple dendrites. They usually arise from the cell body and appear as the branches of a tree. Dendrites also contain cytoplasm. The composition of the dendrite cytoplasm is quite similar to the cell body. However, nucleus and golgi complex are absent …

The human body is consist of more than hundred billion cells. And there are many different types of cells. Among these cells, some cells perform specialized tasks in the body system. In the human nervous system, the cells specialized for receiving, transmitting and processing of nerve impulses to and from the brain are known as neurons. They are the basic structural and functional units of the brain.

Each neuron processes and transmits information in both chemical and electrical forms. Actually, neurons are the core component of the communication system in the human body. They receive electric signals from all parts of the body and translate these signals into specific neurotransmitters and deliver these neurotransmitters to target cells.

Structurally, similar to other cells of the body, a neuron is also consists of a nucleus, mitochondria, golgi bodies, cytoplasm and cell membrane.

Usually, most neurons have three distinct parts:
A cell bodyAn axonMultiple dendritesClassification o…